What is the term for the stress induced by compressing the fiber longitudinally on its cross-section?

The term for the stress induced by compressing the fiber longitudinally on its cross-section is referred to as compression parallel to the grain. This occurs when forces are applied in the same direction as the wood fibers, effectively shortening the material and creating a compressive stress along that direction. In wood and other fibrous materials, this type of stress is particularly important to understand because the mechanical properties can vary significantly based on the orientation of the fibers.

When forces are applied parallel to the grain, the material tends to withstand greater loads and deform less than if the forces were applied across the grain. This characteristic is crucial in construction and engineering applications, as it directly affects the stability and durability of structural components made from wood or similar materials.