Which masonry component allows for freedom of movement in a masonry wall?

The correct choice refers to the control joint, which is a crucial component in masonry construction. Control joints are designed to accommodate the natural movement of materials caused by temperature changes, drying, and moisture variations. This is particularly important in masonry walls, as rigid materials can experience cracking if they are not allowed some flexibility. Control joints provide designated points for this movement, ensuring that stresses are managed effectively without compromising the integrity of the wall.

In contrast, bond beams are structural elements that help distribute loads and do not specifically allow for movement. Total reinforcement refers to the use of steel bars or mesh to enhance the structural strength of masonry, but it does not function to allow movement. Spandrels, typically horizontal elements that support load above openings, also do not facilitate movement within the wall system. Therefore, the control joint is the only component explicitly designed to provide flexibility and manage movement in masonry walls, which is essential for maintaining structural integrity over time.